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The narcissism of small differences (''der Narzissmus der kleinen Differenzen'') is "the phenomenon that it is precisely communities with adjoining territories, and related to each other in other ways as well, who are engaged in constant feuds and ridiculing each other" – "such sensitiveness () to just these details of differentiation".〔Sigmund Freud, ''Civilization, Society and Religion'' (Penguin Freud Library 12) p. 131 and p. 305〕 The term was coined by Sigmund Freud in 1917, based on the earlier work of British anthropologist Ernest Crawley: "Crawley, in language which differs only slightly from the current terminology of psychoanalysis, declares that each individual is separated from others by a 'taboo of personal isolation'...this 'narcissism of minor differences.〔Sigmund Freud, ''On Sexuality'' (Penguin Freud Library 7, 1991) p. 272〕 The term appeared in ''Civilization and Its Discontents'' (1929–30) in relation to the application of the inborn aggression in man to ethnic (and other) conflicts, a process still considered by Freud, at that point, as "a convenient and relatively harmless satisfaction of the inclination to aggression".〔Freud, ''Civilization and Its Discontents'', p. 305〕 For Lacanians, the concept clearly related to the sphere of the Imaginary: "the narcissism of small differences, which situates envy as the decisive element...in issues that involve narcissistic image".〔Roberto Harari, ''Lacan's Seminar on Anxiety: An Introduction''(2001) p. 25〕 Glen O. Gabbard suggested Freud's "Narcissism of Small Difference" provides a framework within which to understand that, in a love relationship, there can be a need to find, and even exaggerate, differences in order to preserve a feeling of separateness and self.〔Gabbard, Glen O. M.D., (On Hate in Love Relationships: The Narcissism of Minor Differences Revisited ), ''Psychoanalytic Quarterly'', 62:229–238〕 In terms of postmodernity, consumer culture has been seen as predicated on "the 'narcissism of small differences'...to achieve a superficial sense of one's own uniqueness, an ersatz sense of otherness which is only a mask for an underlying uniformity and sameness".〔Clive Hazell, ''Alterity'' (2009) p. 97〕 ==See also== *Narcissism * Intragroup conflict 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Narcissism of small differences」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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